![]() There is no grading system or minimal clinically important change score yet available. (Figure 1A), the majority of the questionnaire items focus on emotional and cognitive aspects of handicap. Both suggest the TQ measures five separate domains of tinnitus distress, but as shown by Kennedy et al. Validation studies have only been conducted for a modified version of the TQ and the German translation version. To six domains of tinnitus impact reported by Kennedy et al. Total scores range from 0-82, with higher scores indicating more distressing tinnitus.įigure 1: Distribution of questions from five tinnitus questionnaires according A three point scale limits its utility as an outcome measure. For each item, individuals indicate the level of agreement by answering not true (score 0), partly true (score 1), or true (score 2). ![]() It is also used to evaluate change and the relationship between different aspects of complaint and other psychological variables to tinnitus. The 52-item TQ was developed by Hallam et al. , we ask what aspects of tinnitus handicap each questionnaire is actually measuring. Here we discuss the utility of these and more recently developed questionnaires now in use, and extending use of an analysis originally conducted by Kennedy et al. Ībout two-thirds of clinicians in NHS audiology departments routinely use questionnaires to assess tinnitus severity, including the Department of Health recommended Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) and Tinnitus Questionnaire (TQ). Perceptual measurements (for example the pitch or loudness of tinnitus) do not reliably reflect how bothersome tinnitus is across individuals, so self-reported questionnaires are essential to quantify tinnitus severity and to measure change in tinnitus handicap over time. Measuring such handicap and determining clinical need is therefore far from trivial. The handicap associated with tinnitus can arise from any combination of stress, anxiety, depression, emotional distress, insomnia, difficulties concentrating, or impairments in quality of life or everyday functioning.
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